When a transmission runs low on oil, the friction generated melts gears and shafts as seen in these photos. Remember to check your transmission oil levels and use the correct oil, SAE50 heavy duty engine oil, that’s correct we said SAE50 heavy duty engine oil!
This is what a typical shock load failure looks like. Notice how the tooth of the gear is broken off deep at the root of the tooth. This is due to an overload condition. #Fullertrain
This type of failure occurs under harsh deceleration, being a twin countershaft transmission, the two countershafts pull the auxiliary gear backwards, the snap ring at the back of the main shaft bends or becomes dislodged, the auxiliary gear moves backwards and engages with the splitter gear locking the transmission up causing the damage as in the photo.
When improper clutching techniques are applied while shifting gears on a Powerstar 12JS200T transmission, the synchronisers are damaged as in the diagram below. Notice how the fingers on the synchroniser have been broken off.
This type of failure occurs when the washer inside second gear breaks and the second gear rests on the sliding sleeve, then when the driver changes gears, from second back to first gear, the second gear is then pulled backwards and engages first gear simultaneously destroying the teeth of the second gear set. Notice how only half of the length of the teeth are broken.
Notice how deep the break is on first gear indicating an overload condition.
When a drive line develops a vibration, it causes the synchro pins on the synchro rings to break off as seen in the picture.
Remedy: Balance propeller shafts, check differential angles are correct, check for worn mountings and check that the air bags are not deflating if you have an air bag suspension.